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Ubiquiti EdgeRouter X Configuration Guide

  • Updated

Firmware information

The Ubiquiti EdgeRouter does not auto update its firmware and has to be done manually. Support does not provide assistance with updating the firmware; however, this can be easily done by following the instructions on the Ubiquiti website here. It is recommended to have the latest firmware running on the router for security and performance reasons.

Initial setup

Below is a diagram outlining the final desired and recommended setup with the Ubiquiti EdgeRouter X. Please note that the final setup may look different depending on what equipment is currently in place and how many devices will be used on the network.

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Out of the box the EdgeRouter X does not have DHCP enabled and the default management port is eth0; therefore, for the initial router setup this involves directly connecting a PC to the router with a network cable into eth0 and configuring the PC to be on the same default subnet as the EdgeRouter. The EdgeRouter by default is on a 192.168.1.x network. To connect a PC/Mac to the router: 

On a Windows machine:

  1. Navigate to Windows Control Panel > Network and Internet > Network and Sharing Center
  2. On the left-hand side, select Change adapter settings
  3. Right-click Ethernet/Local area connection > Properties
  4. Select Internet Protocol version 4 > Properties
  5. Select Use the following IP address and configure with the settings below:
  • IP address: 192.168.1.4
  • Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
  • Default gateway: 192.168.1.1

On Mac OS:

  1. Open Settings > Network
  2. Select your Ethernet connection and go to Advanced > TCP/IP
  3. Select the DHCP drop down and select Manually
  4. Configure with the settings below:
  • IPv4 address: 192.168.1.4
  • Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
  • Router: 192.168.1.1

Open a web browser and navigate to 192.168.1.1. Note: A security prompt may come up regarding the site's security certificate, this is normal. Select continue or select advanced and click proceed anyway. The default login for the router is ubnt/ubnt

Once logged in a prompt should automatically populate asking about the basic setup wizard. Select yes to proceed through the setup wizard.

The following options should be selected on the setup wizard:

  • eth0 should be selected as the default WAN port
  • Select the Internet connection type. For most, this will be DHCP; however, if you have a static IP select the static IP option and configure the static IP settings provided from the Internet service provider. If on a DSL circuit it's likely that PPPoE is being used and the PPPoE username and password will need to be obtained from the Internet service provider.
  • Enable default firewall should be checked
  • One LAN should be checked
  • Select the drop down option LAN ports (eth1, eth2, eth3, and eth4), the address should be set to 192.168.1.1 and the subnet should be set to 255.255.255.0. 
  • Enable DHCP server should be checked
  • Under the user setup section it is recommended to change the password for the router's web interface. 

The setup wizard should look like the screenshots below:

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Note: You may have to select the drop down menus to see the options listed in these screen shots. 

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Final steps

Once the setup wizard has been completed save the settings and the router should reboot. Once this has completed move the network cable currently connected to eth0 and the PC, over to the eth1 port or you can connect the PC to eth1, eth2, eth3, or eth4 as these will all be configured as switch ports. Lastly, connect the network cable from the modem to the eth0 port on the EdgeRouter. Refer to the desired setup diagram at the top of this article if needed.

Confirm Internet access and then we need to make the following changes in the EdgeRouter.

1. Disable SIP ALG

There are a couple of ways to disable SIP ALG, either in the command line or via the config tree.

Command line method:

In the top right-hand corner of the router's web interface select CLI

  1. Login with the router's username and password (this was set during the setup wizard)
  2. Enter the following commands:
  • configure
  • set system conntrack modules sip disable
  • commit
  • save
  • exit

Config tree method:

  1. Select config tree in the top right-hand corner of the main dashboard page in the web UI
  2. Select system on the left-hand side
  3. Select conntrack 
  4. Select modules
  5. Select sip
  6. Next to the word disable select the + icon
  7. At the very bottom of the page select the preview option and then select Apply

2. Change the DNS servers

By default the router will set up a DNS cache/relay, this needs to be deleted and disabled. Navigate to Services > DNS. Under the DNS forwarding option make sure an interface is not selected for DNS forwarding. If there is one you may have to delete this.

Once the step listed above is completed navigate to Services > DHCP server. Change the DHCP DNS servers that handles IP addressing for the phones. 

  • Primary DNS: 8.8.8.8
  • Secondary DNS: 8.8.4.4
  • Save
  • Reboot the router, computers, and phones

Additional configuration options

Increase UDP NAT timeout

VoIP phones will send UDP keep-alive pings to the Aline's network to keep the router's NAT binding session open for any data that needs to be sent back to the phones. If the UDP NAT timeout on the router is set too low, the NAT binding session could get prematurely closed before the phone sends another keep-alive ping. This can result in dropped calls amongst other issues. If it needs to be increased below outlines the steps on how to modify this on an EdgeRouter.

  1. Log into the web interface of the router.
  2. In the top right-hand corner of the router's web interface select CLI
  3. Log into the CLI with the router's username and password. 
  4. Type in the following commands:
  • configure
  • set system conntrack timeout udp stream 300
  • set system conntrack timeout udp other 300
  • commit
  • save
  • exit

The commands above will set the UDP timeout to 300 seconds. The stream option is the timeout mechanism for traffic in both directions, the other option is the timeout for traffic in just one direction.

Turning on Smart QoS

Turning on the Smart QoS feature may be necessary if bandwidth is limited. This feature will reserve bandwidth and implement sophisticated algorithms to prioritize sensitive traffic such as VoIP traffic.

Prior to turning on the Smart QoS feature you will need to know your download and upload speed which can be found here

To turn on the feature navigate to the QoS tab in the web UI of the router. Under the Smart queue tab give the policy a name, make sure the eth0 interface is selected for the WAN interface, enter the download and upload speeds and select apply.

Note: After the smart queue feature has been enabled standard throughput will decrease when running speedtests. This is normal and by design, as the router is reserving a specific amount of bandwidth for sensitive applications such as VoIP.